German Chancellor Olaf Scholz loses confidence vote, to set up February election

Chancellor Olaf Scholz lost a confidence vote in the German parliament on Monday, putting the European Union’s most populous member and biggest economy on course to hold an early election in late February.

Mr Scholz won the support of 207 MPs in the 733-seat lower house, or Bundestag, while 394 voted against him and 116 abstained.

That left him far short of the majority of 367 needed to win.

Mr Scholz leads a minority government after his unpopular and notoriously rancorous three-party coalition collapsed on November 6 when he fired his finance minister in a dispute over how to revitalise Germany’s stagnant economy.

Leaders of several major parties then agreed that a parliamentary election should be held on February 23, seven months earlier than originally planned.

The confidence vote was needed because post-Second World Germany’s constitution does not allow the Bundestag to dissolve itself.

President Frank-Walter Steinmeier has to decide whether to dissolve parliament and call an election.

He has 21 days to make that decision and, because of the planned timing of the election, is expected to do so after Christmas.

Once parliament is dissolved, the election must be held within 60 days.

In practice, the campaign is already well under way, and Monday’s three-hour debate reflected that.

Mr Scholz, a centre-left Social Democrat, told MPs that the election will determine whether “we, as a strong country, dare to invest strongly in our future; do we have confidence in ourselves and our country, or do we put our future on the line? Do we risk our cohesion and our prosperity by delaying long-overdue investments?”

His pitch to voters includes pledges to “modernise” Germany’s strict self-imposed rules on running up debt, to increase the national minimum wage and to reduce VAT on food.

Centre-right challenger Friedrich Merz said that “you’re leaving the country in one of its biggest economic crises in post-war history”.

“You’re standing here and saying, business as usual, let’s run up debt at the expense of the younger generation, let’s spend money, and the word ‘competitiveness’ of the German economy didn’t come up once in the speech you gave today,” Mr Merz said.

The Chancellor said Germany is Ukraine’s biggest military supplier in Europe and he wants to keep that up, but underlined his insistence that he will not supply long-range Taurus cruise missiles, over concerns of escalating the war with Russia, or send German troops into the conflict.

“We will do nothing that jeopardises our own security,” he said.

Mr Merz, who has been open to sending the long-range missiles, said that “we don’t need any lectures on war and peace” from Mr Scholz’s party.

He said, however, that the political rivals in Berlin are united in an “absolute will to do everything so that this war in Ukraine ends as quickly as possible”.

Polls show Mr Scholz’s party trailing well behind Mr Merz’s main opposition Union bloc, which is in the lead.

Vice chancellor Robert Habeck of the environmentalist Greens, the remaining partner in Mr Scholz’s government, is also bidding for the top job, although his party is further back.

The far-right Alternative for Germany, which is polling strongly, has nominated Alice Weidel as its candidate for chancellor, but has no chance of taking the job because other parties refuse to work with it.

Germany’s electoral system traditionally produces coalitions, and polls show no party anywhere near an absolute majority on its own.

The election is expected to be followed by weeks of negotiations to form a new government.

Confidence votes are rare in Germany, a country of 83 million people that prizes stability.

This was only the sixth time in its post-war history that a chancellor had called one.

The last was in 2005, when then-chancellor Gerhard Schroeder engineered an early election that was narrowly won by centre-right challenger Angela Merkel.